Birmingham

Population: 199,322
Median household income: $44,376
Median home value: $138,600

Birmingham, a community in Jefferson County, Alabama, has 199,322 residents. Its median household income of $44,376 runs below the Jefferson County figure of $64,589.

Between 2019 and 2023, Birmingham's population declined 6.1% from 212,297 to 199,322, while its median home value rose 52.1% from $91,100 to $138,600.

74.4% of workers drive to work alone. 57.4% of homes are single-family detached houses.

Demographics

ACS 2019–2023

Population: 199,322
Median age: 35.9 yrs
Median household income: $44,376
Median home value: $138,600
Median gross rent: $1,047
Housing units: 108,903
Homeownership rate: 45.1%
Bachelor's degree or higher: 30.7%
Unemployment rate: 6.1%

Trends

ACS 5-year · 2019–2023

Population

212,297199,322

Median household income

$37,375$44,376

Median home value

$91,100$138,600

Median gross rent

$837$1,047

Year	Population	Median household income	Median home value	Median gross rent
2019	212,297	$37,375	$91,100	$837
2020	210,928	$38,832	$97,500	$870
2021	202,234	$39,403	$102,900	$906
2022	200,431	$42,464	$123,000	$995
2023	199,322	$44,376	$138,600	$1,047

Each year is a US Census Bureau ACS 5-year estimate ending that year.

Age distribution

Under 54.9%

5 to 1714.1%

18 to 2411.9%

25 to 3418.0%

35 to 4411.8%

45 to 5410.5%

55 to 6412.7%

65 to 7410.4%

75 and over5.9%

	Count	Share
Under 5	9,716	4.9%
5 to 17	28,105	14.1%
18 to 24	23,711	11.9%
25 to 34	35,858	18.0%
35 to 44	23,464	11.8%
45 to 54	20,935	10.5%
55 to 64	25,237	12.7%
65 to 74	20,630	10.4%
75 and over	11,666	5.9%

Race & ethnicity

	Count	Share
White (non-Hispanic)	48,249	24.2%
Black or African American	133,420	66.9%
American Indian & Alaska Native	151	0.1%
Asian	2,828	1.4%
Native Hawaiian & Pacific Islander	53	0.0%
Some other race	951	0.5%
Two or more races	3,961	2.0%
Hispanic or Latino (any race)	9,709	4.9%

Educational attainment (age 25+)

No high school diploma11.3%

High school graduate28.2%

Some college or associate's29.8%

Bachelor's degree18.4%

Graduate or professional degree12.3%

	Count	Share
No high school diploma	15,625	11.3%
High school graduate	38,857	28.2%
Some college or associate's	41,047	29.8%
Bachelor's degree	25,377	18.4%
Graduate or professional degree	16,884	12.3%

Commute to work

Mean travel time to work: 21 min

Drove alone74.4%

Carpooled9.7%

Public transit1.3%

Walked3.4%

Bicycle0.4%

Worked from home8.5%

Other means2.3%

How workers get to work

	Count	Share
Drove alone	66,357	74.4%
Carpooled	8,623	9.7%
Public transit	1,188	1.3%
Walked	3,071	3.4%
Bicycle	347	0.4%
Worked from home	7,566	8.5%
Other means	2,008	2.3%

Travel time

	Count	Share
Under 15 min	22,193	27.2%
15 to 29 min	40,563	49.7%
30 to 44 min	13,038	16.0%
45 to 59 min	2,520	3.1%
60+ min	3,280	4.0%

Households

Average household size: 2.14
Poverty rate: 25.2% (47,975 of 190,356)

	Count	Share
Family households	42,060	47.5%
Nonfamily households	46,467	52.5%

Housing

Median year structure built: 1965

Occupancy

	Count	Share
Occupied	88,527	81.3%
Vacant	20,376	18.7%

Tenure (of occupied units)

	Count	Share
Owner-occupied	39,962	45.1%
Renter-occupied	48,565	54.9%

1-unit, detached57.4%

1-unit, attached2.1%

2 to 4 units6.9%

5 to 19 units18.6%

20 or more units14.0%

Mobile home & other0.9%

Units in structure

	Count	Share
1-unit, detached	62,563	57.4%
1-unit, attached	2,309	2.1%
2 to 4 units	7,549	6.9%
5 to 19 units	20,253	18.6%
20 or more units	15,268	14.0%
Mobile home & other	961	0.9%

Geography

Place GEOID: 0107000
Type (LSAD): 25
Land area: 147 sq mi
Water area: 2.52 sq mi
Center point: 33.5272, -86.7970